Guided by the core principles of VAR, the participants discussed topics such as effective communication strategies and the evolving dynamics between on-field referees and Video Match Officials.

Across the week, the referees were divided into groups which alternated between VAR simulator sessions, practical exercises and fitness components, allowing them to analyse match incidents in real time and maximise their preparedness for high-pressure matches.

At the same time, the officials underwent intensive scrutiny of their physical fitness through multiple activities, including practical matches and fitness assessments such as the Yo-Yo Intermittent Test and the Repeated Sprint Ability Test, complemented by sessions on recovery techniques and strength conditioning to optimise their performance on the field.

The programme concluded with a comprehensive fitness review and reflections on “The Next Step” in their development pathway, marking another important milestone in the AFC’s ambitions of strengthening refereeing standards across the Continent.